Category: ASME Standards

Establishing Engineering Standard Operating Procedures

What do you need to established engineering standard operating procedures (SOPs) within your Engineering organization?

If your organization follows ISO manufacturing standards (e.g., ISO 9000) or plans to, your Engineering department will need Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) for key tasks. These aren’t about how to ‘Engineer’ but focus on managing documentation and design processes more effectively. SOPs ensure consistency, improve efficiency, and help your team meet compliance requirements without extra headaches. This article builds on my SOLIDWORKS World 2011 presentation and offers updated information to help your team navigate these needs.

The following are examples of procedures that will likely be necessary for your organization.

  • Drawing Standards SOP – preparing mechanical drawings per Engineering Standards (e.g., ISO 128, ASME Y14.5, BS 8888). This should include instructions on selecting templates, naming conventions, part numbering, filling out title blocks and even preferred drawing view layouts. Model-based Definition may require its own SOP too.
  • CAD Document Management SOP – processes for organizing, naming, storing, accessing and distributing CAD documents, including guidelines for 3D CAD models and cloud-based tools. This may include instructions on file and model formats, such as creating PDFs of drawings or distributing models as STEP to outside vendors.
  • Drawing Review and Approval SOP – steps for peer reviews, quality checks and approvals of drawings.
  • Revision Notation and Control SOP – marking and controlling revisions of drawings.
  • Template and Symbol Libraries SOP – maintenance and use of standardized templates, symbols, blocks and CAD customizations such as macros and data tables .
  • Design Review SOP – formal process for review of design and drawings
  • Engineering Change SOP – steps for initiating and documenting proposed changes to designs and drawings (Engineering Change Request; ECR), then their approval and implementation (Engineering Change Order; ECO), including notification and effectivity for full traceability (Engineering Change Notification; ECN).

For Engineering departments, these procedures should be tailored around their CAD application(s), PDM and PLM systems.

Structure of SOPs

Organizations that have well-documented processes should establish a template for their procedures. There are several elements that most standard operating procedures should include. Each SOP should be use a number-base layout that employs functionality of the chosen wordprocessor. This list of elements should be tailored for the Engineering department. The following is an example of the required (as applicable) elements with a brief explanation.

  1. Title and Document Information
    • Title – descriptive and specific to the task or process.
    • Document Number – unique identifier for tracking.
    • Version or Revision Number – indicates current version.
    • Effective Date – the date upon which the document becomes valid.
    • Approval Signatures – for validation and compliance.
  2. Purpose – the reason the procedure exists.
  3. Scope – extent to which the procedure applies (the processes and roles are controlled by this document).
  4. Responsibilities – define roles and responsibilities of personnel involved.
  5. Definitions – list and define specialized terms and abbreviations.
  6. Materials, Tools, and Equipment – list of required resources to complete the procedure. Include software applications that are utilized within the process described within this document.
  7. Procedure – actual procedural instructions, often in step-by-step format with clear statements with explanatory diagrams and images. Typically, this will be the bulk of the document.
  8. Troubleshooting – guidance for handling common issues or errors.
  9. References -links to related documents, manuals, or regulations.
  10. Revision History – a table that tracks changes over time with notes on updates.

Once the types of SOPs are established and a structure for the SOPs is agreed upon within your organization, the task of actually writing the procedures comes next. This could mean completely rewriting old procedures or writing new ones. Future articles in this series will address good writing practices for SOPs and specific considerations that cover CAD related needs and an organization’s processes.

North Alabama SolidWorks User Group

After my great Nashville visit, I headed on down to Huntsville, AL last week.  I was able to meet with a lot of SOLIDWORKS customers and users.  I presented at the April 2015 meeting of the North Alabama SolidWorks User Group (NASWUG) about the topic of Model Based Definition (MBD), how to apply it within SOLIDWORKS.  I also demonstrated the new SOLIDWORKS MBD product which streamlines SOLIDWORKS for MBD processes and provides 3D PDF output for non-CAD consumption for the purpose of contributing to Technical Data Packages (TDP).


 

There was a lot of great questions by user group meeting attendees about implementation Model Based Definition, the standards that support Model Based Definition (such as MIL-STD-31000), and Product and Manufacturing Information (PMI) solutions available in SOLIDWORKS, such as DimXpert.

Matthew Lorono speaking at NASWUG

I’m glad I had the opportunity to visit Nashville and Huntsville, along with many SOLIDWORKS customers in these areas.  I learned a lot, and I also hope I provided a lot of new information to those interested in MBD and SOLIDWORKS in general.

New Section View Assist tool in SolidWorks used as example of teamwork

I was recently interviewed by Entertainment Engineering, an online magazine that covers technologies used in many types of entertainment devices and events such as movies, concerts, theme and amusement parks, electronic games, etc.  The November 2012 issue focuses on the value of individual contributors and also of teamwork in the design process.  Here’s the kicker, I’m quoted in the issue’s editorial article along side the great Steve Wozniak.  Kinda cool.

The article for which I was specifically interviewed is called Teamwork Improves Section-View Options in SolidWorks 2013, which leads-off a series of interviews with various individuals from all over the engineering discipline.  In my interview, I talk about the new SolidWorks section view functionality (now called Section View Assist) that has a whole new user interface that changes the way section views are created on drawings in CAD.  This includes how I originally developed the concept which was then improved and refined via teamwork within the SolidWorks organization.

Section View Assist replaces the need to first create sketches before being able to create a section view.  Instead, you can directly place cutting line on the original view and have the section view generated automatically.  If you want to use aligned section view, you can add offsets to the cutting line directly in the Section View Assist interface (without the need to draw lines or edit sketches).  Same goes to notch and single offsets.  The new user interface saves time and steps.  The improvement is nearly exponential.  The more complex your cutting line, the quicker you can create it versus old methods using sketches.

How to add a Geometric Tolerance frame to your Sheet Format

**OUTDATED Content: Update–>SOLIDWORKS 2020 now allows you to add Geometric Tolerance and Surface Finish symbols onto your Sheet Formats directly without the following workaround**

SolidWorks Sheet Formats do not support Geometric Tolerance frames.  So, what can be done if you wish to display a frame with your Sheet Format on drawings?

First, a quick review.  SolidWorks has two separate files that serve as the starting point for creating new drawings.  The primary file is the Drawing Template (*.slddot).  Every time you start a new drawing, it must be from an existing Drawing Template.  The template contains all the settings and other information needed for every drawing.  In particular, it uses information from a Sheet Format (*.slddrt) for the border and title block.  Each time you create a new sheet on your drawing, the Sheet Format is directly loaded.  However, neither the Sheet Format or the Drawing Template automatically update existing drawings.  For more information on Sheet Formats and Drawing Templates, see SolidWorks Help.  The tip found in this article is for more advanced users and CAD Administrators that are already familiar with these topics.

Back to the story.  Perhaps your company is moving towards using the model to define your product, but still uses the drawing to established specifications, such as tolerances, general notes, process control dimensions, etc.  Common practice for this scenario is to establish a generic Profile specification on the drawing that is then applied to the model.   But, you cannot store a Geometric Tolerance frame within a Sheet Format.  You won’t likely want to draw your frame using sketches.

Solution? You can have a Sheet Format display a Geometric Tolerance frame that is present on a Drawing Template!  Here’s how.

1.  First, make backup copies of your Sheet Formats and Drawing Templates!  OK, once that is done, open your Drawing Template using File>Open dialog set to Template (*.prtdot; *.asmdot; *.drwdot)

2. Create your Geometric Tolerance frame using the Geometric Tolerance annotation tool.

3. Place your new frame in the lower right corner of your Drawing Template.  Don’t be concerned if it overlaps the border, but it is a good idea to keep it inside the paper space.

4. Create an annotation note (Insert>Annotations>Note…) and place it anywhere on the drawing.

5. While the annotation note is still being edited, click on the Geometric Tolerance frame.  The frame will now appear in the note.  Select OK to accept.

6. Select the new note.

7. Press CTRL-X.  The note should disappear, as it is being cut from the Drawing Template.

8. RMB click on any empty area of the blank paper space and select Edit Sheet Format.  This will take you into the Sheet Format editing mode.

9. Click on the approximate location where you wish the frame to appear and press CTRL-V.  This will insert the note onto the Sheet Format.  Click and drag it to the desired location.

10. RMB click on an empty area of the paper space.  Select Edit Sheet.  This will exit the Sheet Format mode and return you to normal drawing mode.

11. RMB click on the original Geometric Tolerance frame and select Hide.

 

12. Goto File>Save to save your Drawing Template.

13. Goto File>Save Sheet Format to save your Sheet Format.

(14.) Now, if you wish to edit the frame later, simply use View>Hide/Show Annotations.  The hidden frame will appear faded gray.  Select it and it will turn black.  Press ESC to exit the Hide/Show mode.  Edit the frame as your normally would any Geometric Tolerance frame.  When done, hide it again.  You may need to Rebuild to see the update.

Note:  If you open the Sheet Format directly without loading the Drawing Template or if you load the Sheet Format into a drawing created with an older Template, the annotation note containing the frame will be blank.  This is because the information is contained in your new Drawing Template, but the note is in the Sheet Format.

GD&T Feature Control Frame user interface?

Remember this old faithful interface for creating Geometric Tolerance frames (a.k.a, GD&T feature control frames, or GTOL annotations)?

There a new thread on the Drawings forum at SolidWorks Forums asking about how you use this user interface to create Geometric Tolerance Frames.  Your input is very welcome there (and here, if you wish).  What would you do to improve the inferface?

  • When do you use it?
  • How does it work for you?
  • What do you think about the workflow of creating the frame before you place
    it on the sheet?
  • How do you feel about the preview window (and would it be necessary if you
    could just see your frame being modified directly on the sheet)?
  • Do the restrictions within the interface (meant to force you to follow
    GD&T rules) ever prevent you from creating the frame that you need?
  • Have you used the PropertyManager settings that also pop up when you edit an
    existing frame?

User Group meeting last evening

Hari Padmanabhan and myself presented at the Center Massachusetts and Northern Connecticut SolidWorks Users Group (CMNC-SWUG) yesterday evening.  The meeting was very well attended.   It’s prolly the largest user group meeting I’ve seen.  However, from what I understand, this is par for the course for this region.

Hari gave a very detailed presentation on SolidWorks Animation.  He demonstrated functionality on solid models of real-life toys that he had also brought in.  He  also did a great job of explaining the differences between the three modes within Animation, called Animation (simple point to point movement), Basic Motion (game engine physics) and Motion Analysis (complex physics model).

My own presentation covered DimXpert and TolAnalyst.  DimXpert is one of those capabilities that seems to be under utilized because people are simply unfamiliar with it.  It is a powerful and fairly easy to use tool.  It’s not a whole lot different than dimensioning a drawing, except that DimXpert dimensions and tolerances actually have a fundamental understanding of what they are controlling.

Technically, CMNC-SWUG is my hometown user group, so I’ll be looking forward to their further events.